Prevention is better than Cure - Six Steps to Prevent Faults in Construction Machinery

4. Ensure normal working load

The magnitude and nature of the working load of construction machinery have a significant impact on the wear and tear process of the machinery. Generally speaking, the wear of parts increases proportionally with the increase of load. When the load on a part exceeds the average design load, its wear will intensify. In addition, under the same other conditions, stable loads have less wear, fewer malfunctions and a shorter service life than dynamic loads. Tests show that when an engine operates under unstable loads, the wear of its cylinders will increase by twice compared to when it operates under stable loads. Engines operating under normal loads have a lower failure rate and a longer lifespan. On the contrary, an engine that is overloaded has a significantly higher failure rate and its lifespan will also be shorter than the design indicators. The wear of machinery that is frequently subjected to wide range of load variations is greater than that of machinery that operates continuously and stably. Under normal circumstances, the engines used in generators have a longer lifespan than those used in bulldozers, excavators, etc. Ensuring a normal working load mainly depends on the operator's use of construction machinery. First, it is necessary to note that work should not be carried out under a load exceeding the maximum capacity that the machinery can bear. Machinery should be used within its capacity. As a manager of construction machinery, when designating operators, one should hand over the random data and operation manuals of the construction machinery to the operators, enabling them to accurately grasp the mechanical performance and operation procedures. One should not casually withhold the relevant data. Second, it is necessary to ensure the uniform increase and decrease of mechanical load as much as possible, keeping the mechanical load in a relatively gentle state. Specifically, the throttle should be increased and decreased relatively evenly to prevent large fluctuations in the operation of the engine and working devices.

V. Timely maintenance

All kinds of work are bound to occur during the operation of machinery. Among these malfunctions, some may have a very minor impact on mechanical equipment, while others can be quite serious and even lead to major accidents that result in the destruction of machinery and loss of life. Experience shows that serious mechanical failures are often triggered by some minor ones. The reason for this lies in the neglect of timely handling of minor malfunctions. Therefore, for mechanical faults, regardless of their size, they should be eliminated in a timely manner. Only in this way can the normal performance of the machinery be maintained and the possibility of causing more serious faults be reduced. In a sense, promptly dealing with the faults that occur is an effective measure to reduce and prevent them. The so-called timely handling means that in accordance with the maintenance and repair regulations, regular maintenance and repair of machinery should be carried out. The maintenance and repair of various groups must be conducted as required. The existing various maintenance and repair specifications are the summary of years of practical experience and have their scientificity and rationality. In the absence of significant technological progress and innovation, these regulations provide absolute guidance for the maintenance and repair of construction machinery and must be strictly followed. Second, during the usage process, regular and irregular inspections of construction machinery should be strengthened to promptly understand the operation status of the machinery. For any temporary faults that occur, they should be dealt with in a timely manner. Do not delay the maintenance opportunity just because the faults are minor and do not affect the usage, which may lead to more serious faults.

Six. Adopt correct technical measures and organizational management measures

With the development of materials science and design and manufacturing technology, many new technologies, new materials and new structures have been adopted in construction machinery, which requires that the technical support and management of machinery be more scientific and complete. For this reason, as the organizational managers and operators of construction machinery, one must pay attention to ensuring that the machinery is protected from damage, deformation, corrosion, etc. during transportation and storage. Second, it is necessary to strictly carry out the daily maintenance work of machinery to keep it in good technical condition. Thirdly, it is necessary to educate operators to use and operate various construction machinery correctly to reduce and prevent mechanical failures caused by human errors. Fourth, it is necessary to carefully maintain the machinery. Regular and irregular maintenance should be carried out correctly and reasonably to keep the machinery clean and tidy. The technical condition of the machinery should be inspected regularly. Any abnormalities should be dealt with promptly. Loose and mismatched parts should be tightened and adjusted in time. Some vulnerable parts should be replaced prevatically, etc.

More and more people have realized the importance of preventing malfunctions in construction machinery. There is an old Chinese saying, "Be prepared for a rainy day and prevent trouble before it happens." Only by ensuring the normal use of construction machinery can engineering projects proceed smoothly as planned. Only in this way can the use of construction machinery give workers a sense of being even more powerful.