A Brief Analysis of the Advantages and Disadvantages of Loaders

Cab

The cab is the operation center of a construction machine, where all operation activities are carried out. Loaders are similar to excavators and bulldozers in that their working environment and operation process are rather complex. They need to move constantly back and forth and left and right at a relatively high speed. However, the difference is that the loader has no shock absorption. During operation, the operator's whole body is jolting and vibrating, which is very harmful to the operator's health. Excavators and bulldozers have relatively stable working bodies and cause less harm to the operators' bodies. Therefore, it is required that the loader has a comfortable working environment. Although the cab space of the new ZL50 loader manufactured by Xiamen Construction Machinery Factory is large, the seat elasticity is not good enough, the control lever is too heavy, the large curved glass at the front of the cab has too strong light, and the operator's face is exposed to sunlight for too long during work, especially in the afternoon. The cab area of the Liuzhou ZL50C and ZL50E type loaders is too small (it can only accommodate one person). If it is a situation where a master is teaching students, it is very unsuitable. The rearview mirror is in the driver's cabin, which hinders the viewing Angle and the seat flexibility is also poor.

The author believes that a more ideal driving environment should be one where the glass around the driver's cabin is colored (light in color) and extremely flat. The cab should be able to accommodate three people, and it is best if the operator can lie flat with their feet straight after turning the seat at an Angle (sometimes working continuously for 6 to 10 hours, the long period of jolting makes the operator very tired). This aspect should be on par with that of sedans. The layout of the steering wheel and control lever should also be similar to that of a car, and its structure can definitely achieve this. Accelerator pedal. Theoretically, it is explained that the loader has no shock absorption, so the accelerator pedal is designed to be very bulky to prevent unstable throttle during operation. In fact, according to the actual work situation, it can be designed to be as lightweight as the accelerator pedal of a car (set a fixed pedal frame at the position where the right heel steps on the accelerator, and then install an additional accelerator pedal in front of the frame). It is not hard to imagine that after continuously pressing the accelerator pedal hard for 5 to 6 hours, the right leg of the operator is extremely tired. Accessory components such as air conditioners and sound systems can all learn from cars. The uses and values of a loader are both higher than those of mid-range cars. So why not design the cab better than that of a car? It is hoped that the manufacturing plant will attach importance to the physical health of the operators. Only when they are in good health can they be efficient and effective. If an operator sits in this cab and jolts continuously for seven or eight months a year, even the best body will feel extremely exhausted after several years. This is the reason why, after operating a loader for five or six years and having mastered the skills, the operator becomes unwilling and unable to continue working.

2. Working device and overall machine design

The working device of XCMG ZL50 third-generation loader is very flexible, especially the large arm design is excellent, with strong power and high efficiency. However, the automatic leveling and manual operation of the bucket are not good, and it is difficult for less experienced operators to master. In addition, the pins of the bucket and the bolts that fix the pins are prone to loosening and damage. The mark for the bucket to be leveled is not obvious or clear, making it difficult for beginners to master. The battery box cover needs improvement (as it is very inconvenient to check the battery terminals and the fixation of the battery wires every day).

The boom design of the Liugong ZL50C and ZL50E loaders is inappropriate. The lifting boom is weak, the movement is slow and inflexible, resulting in low operation efficiency. However, the operation of flattening the bucket is very easy and beginners can master it easily. In addition, the steering is not good enough, the battery box also needs improvement, which is not very applicable. Moreover, the overall design of the machine is bulky, and the body is too long and high.