Safety technology for excavator loader operation

The excavation and loading operations of the excavator loader should be strictly carried out in accordance with the safety briefing for the excavator loader.

The maximum digging force of a general backhoe loader is lower than that of a single-bucket excavator. Therefore, it can only dig soil of Class II and below and is not suitable for digging soil of Class III and above.

Before the excavator loader excavates, the bucket mouth and outrigger of the loading bucket should be fixed to the ground, the front and rear wheels should be slightly off the ground, and the machine body should be kept level to enhance the stability of the machinery. Before the excavation operation, the loading bucket should be turned over so that the bucket mouth faces the ground and the front wheels are slightly off the ground. Step down and lock the brake pedal, then extend the outriggers to lift the rear wheels off the ground and keep them in a horizontal position.

If the boom suddenly brakes during its descent, the impact force caused by its inertia will damage the excavation device and may disrupt the stability of the machinery, leading to overturning accidents. When operating, the control handle should be stable and must not be moved sharply. When the boom is descending, it must not be braked in the middle. High gear must not be used during excavation. The rotation should be smooth, without impact and used to compact the side of the groove. The buffer block at the rear end of the boom should be kept intact. If there is any damage, it should be repaired before use. When moving, the excavation device should be placed in the middle transportation state, the outriggers should be retracted, and the lifting arm should be lifted before proceeding. Before loading operations, the slewing mechanism of the excavation device should be placed in the middle position and fixed with pull plates. During the loading process, low gear should be used. When the bucket lifting arm is being lifted, the floating position of the valve should not be used. The distribution valves of the hydraulic control system are divided into the first four valves and the last four valves. The first four valves control the outriggers, lifting arms and loading buckets, etc., and are used for the extension and retraction of the outriggers and loading operations. The rear four valves operate the bucket, rotation, boom and handle, etc., and are used for rotation and excavation operations. Neither the dynamic performance of the machinery nor the capacity of the hydraulic system allows nor is it possible to carry out loading and excavation operations simultaneously. When the first four valves are in operation, the last four valves must not work simultaneously. During driving or operation, no one is allowed to ride or stand on the excavator loader except outside the driver's cab. Generally, a backhoe loader uses a wheeled tractor as the main engine, with loading and excavation devices installed at the front and rear respectively, which increases the mechanical length and weight by more than half. Therefore, during operation, it is necessary to avoid high speed or sharp turns to prevent accidents. Do not coast in neutral when going downhill. When the hydraulic piston rods of the bucket and the bucket handle remain in a fully extended position, the bucket can be brought closer to the boom, and the excavation device is in the shortest state, which is conducive to driving. When in motion, the outriggers should be fully retracted, the excavating device should be firmly fixed, the loading device should be lowered as much as possible, and the hydraulic piston rods of the bucket and the bucket handle should remain in a fully extended position. After the wheeled tractor was converted into a backhoe loader, its weight increased significantly. To reduce the damage to the tires under heavy load, measures were taken to lift the rear wheels off the ground when parking. When the parking time exceeds, the outriggers should be raised to lift the rear wheels off the ground. When the parking time exceeds the limit, the rear wheels should be lifted off the ground and supported with spacers under the rear suspension.